FIC MISMS workshop
Influenza epidemiology, digital surveillance and evolutionary dynamics
March 12-13, 2020
ANISE meeting, Livingstone, Zambia
Link for Registration
This training workshop is held in conjunction with the March 2020 meeting of the ANISE network in Zambia and follows scientific research sessions and training modules led by the GISAID and WHO teams earlier in the week.
Information on influenza epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics is particularly useful to guide intervention strategies, optimize surveillance, and vaccine design, but such studies remain scare in low-income settings. Digital surveillance uses novel data streams (Google searches, Twitter, data from participatory surveillance systems) to help monitor and forecast influenza activity in settings where traditional surveillance data may be lacking, sparse, or lag by several weeks. Phylogenetic analyses of influenza sequence data are important to shed light on the global, regional and local migration of influenza viruses, their evolution, and the match of circulating strains with available vaccines.
The objective of this two-day MISMS workshop is to train epidemiologists and virologists from Africa (particularly from countries with available data) on the use of the quantitative epidemiological methods for digital surveillance and forecasting, and on phylogenetic analyses for phylodynamics and phylogeography using the BEAST package.
This workshop will include two separate modules devoted to (i) epidemiology and (ii) phylogenetics. Both modules will include theory and practice sessions. Participants will be invited to work with their own data and with publicly available sample datasets.
Participants in the epidemiological module will be taught how to use different R packages for statistical analyses of influenza time series (lab-confirmed cases, ILI or SARI) and develop models using digital surveillance signals (Google, Twitter). They will learn how to use and analyse various Google tools, such as Google searches, Google correlates, and Google Trends. Short-term influenza forecasting models will also be presented. Participants will be walked through examples using sample datasets, and if time allows, a few hours will be devoted to the analysis of the participants’ own data. There will be a live demo of InfluenzaNet, an on-line platform for influenza participatory surveillance.
Participants in the phylogenetic module will learn how to prepare a sequence dataset, explored it using maximum likelihood phylogenies and use the BEAST platform to perform advanced phylogenetic analyses to understand the spatial and evolutionary dynamics of influenza viruses. BEAST is a cross-platform program for Bayesian analysis of molecular sequences using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms. Outputs include rooted, time-measured phylogenies inferred using strict or relaxed molecular clock models. It can be used as a method of reconstructing phylogenies but is also a framework for testing evolutionary hypotheses without conditioning on a single tree topology. BEAST uses MCMC to average over tree space, so that each tree is weighted proportional to its posterior probability.
Participants will be provided a sample FASTA influenza datasets and walked through an example of BEAST analysis. An overview of the possible uses of BEAST will be discussed. If time allows, a few hours will be devoted to the analysis of the participants’ own data.
Faculty:
Trevor Bedford, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Institute, WA, USA (TBC)
Daniela Paolotti, Institute for Scientific Interchange, Italy
Mauricio Santillana, Boston Children Hospital, MA, USA (TBC)
Kaiyuan Sun, NIH-Fogarty, Bethesda, MD, USA
Nídia Sequeira Trovão, NIH-Fogarty, Bethesda, MD, USA
Cécile Viboud, NIH-Fogarty, Bethesda, MD, USA
MISMS MinION Workshop – Colombia
/in News, Uncategorized /by Martha NelsonTraining Workshop for the Implementation of MinION Sequencing for Influenza Viruses
February 6-8, 2020
Irotama Resort
Santa Marta, Colombia
Participation is limited. Please apply by Dec 23rd.
Workshop Objective
This three-day workshop, held February 6-8th, 2020 in Santa Marta, Colombia, will introduce new technologies and advanced informatics approaches that can be used for infectious disease genomic characterization in resource-limited settings. Using the portable, low-cost Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing platform, we will introduce the essential laboratory and computational skills required to perform extensive genetic characterization of viral pathogens, using influenza A virus as a primary demonstration. Topics will include sample preparation, bioinformatics, and phylogenetic approaches to characterize newly sequenced sampled against publicly available data.
At the completion of the workshop, attendees will be provided access and training to all essential bioinformatics tools required to establish real-time genetic characterization capabilities in their primary laboratories or at field sites using the low-cost Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing platform. Best practices for implementing these new technologies in research, clinical, and public health laboratories will be emphasized.
**Note: this is not an official CEIRS activity.
Instructors/staff:
Tom Mehoke, Johns Hopkins University
Martha Nelson, Fogarty International Center
Peter Thielen, Johns Hopkins University
Nidia Trovao, Fogarty International Center
Workshop Agenda
Day 1 (Thursday Feb 6)
Introduction to Genomics Technologies and Oxford Nanopore Sequencing
Day 2 (Friday Feb 7):
Laboratory Considerations and Basic Bioinformatics
Revisit data from the earlier sequencing run
Recap of topics
Post-session evaluations
Day 3 (Saturday Feb 8):
Phylogenetics
MinION Workshop – Colombia
/in Uncategorized /by Martha NelsonMISMS Influenza Workshop – Zambia
/in News, Uncategorized /by Martha NelsonFIC MISMS workshop
Influenza epidemiology, digital surveillance and evolutionary dynamics
March 12-13, 2020
ANISE meeting, Livingstone, Zambia
Link for Registration
This training workshop is held in conjunction with the March 2020 meeting of the ANISE network in Zambia and follows scientific research sessions and training modules led by the GISAID and WHO teams earlier in the week.
Information on influenza epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics is particularly useful to guide intervention strategies, optimize surveillance, and vaccine design, but such studies remain scare in low-income settings. Digital surveillance uses novel data streams (Google searches, Twitter, data from participatory surveillance systems) to help monitor and forecast influenza activity in settings where traditional surveillance data may be lacking, sparse, or lag by several weeks. Phylogenetic analyses of influenza sequence data are important to shed light on the global, regional and local migration of influenza viruses, their evolution, and the match of circulating strains with available vaccines.
The objective of this two-day MISMS workshop is to train epidemiologists and virologists from Africa (particularly from countries with available data) on the use of the quantitative epidemiological methods for digital surveillance and forecasting, and on phylogenetic analyses for phylodynamics and phylogeography using the BEAST package.
This workshop will include two separate modules devoted to (i) epidemiology and (ii) phylogenetics. Both modules will include theory and practice sessions. Participants will be invited to work with their own data and with publicly available sample datasets.
Participants in the epidemiological module will be taught how to use different R packages for statistical analyses of influenza time series (lab-confirmed cases, ILI or SARI) and develop models using digital surveillance signals (Google, Twitter). They will learn how to use and analyse various Google tools, such as Google searches, Google correlates, and Google Trends. Short-term influenza forecasting models will also be presented. Participants will be walked through examples using sample datasets, and if time allows, a few hours will be devoted to the analysis of the participants’ own data. There will be a live demo of InfluenzaNet, an on-line platform for influenza participatory surveillance.
Participants in the phylogenetic module will learn how to prepare a sequence dataset, explored it using maximum likelihood phylogenies and use the BEAST platform to perform advanced phylogenetic analyses to understand the spatial and evolutionary dynamics of influenza viruses. BEAST is a cross-platform program for Bayesian analysis of molecular sequences using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms. Outputs include rooted, time-measured phylogenies inferred using strict or relaxed molecular clock models. It can be used as a method of reconstructing phylogenies but is also a framework for testing evolutionary hypotheses without conditioning on a single tree topology. BEAST uses MCMC to average over tree space, so that each tree is weighted proportional to its posterior probability.
Participants will be provided a sample FASTA influenza datasets and walked through an example of BEAST analysis. An overview of the possible uses of BEAST will be discussed. If time allows, a few hours will be devoted to the analysis of the participants’ own data.
Faculty:
Trevor Bedford, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Institute, WA, USA (TBC)
Daniela Paolotti, Institute for Scientific Interchange, Italy
Mauricio Santillana, Boston Children Hospital, MA, USA (TBC)
Kaiyuan Sun, NIH-Fogarty, Bethesda, MD, USA
Nídia Sequeira Trovão, NIH-Fogarty, Bethesda, MD, USA
Cécile Viboud, NIH-Fogarty, Bethesda, MD, USA
MISMS Workshop – Zambia
/in Uncategorized /by Martha NelsonShort-Term Visiting Fellows Program
/in News, Uncategorized /by Martha NelsonThe Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies (DIEPS) has a long-standing tradition of hosting visiting international and US researchers for training in methods of analyzing infectious disease data and long-term collaboration and publication. Some of our past visitors are listed below:
Cheryl Cohen
Alice Fusaro
Magnus Gottfredsson
Jong-Won Kang
Aba Mahamat
Anthony Newall
Baltazar Nunes
Nesli Saglanmak
If you are interested in visiting us for an extended period of time, please complete the application below to describe your research interests. We typically accept 3-4 visiting researchers per year.
Hiring post-doctoral fellows
/in News /by Martha NelsonPost-doctoral fellowships · Infectious Disease
Fogarty International Center · Bethesda, MD
The Fogarty International Center (FIC), at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, MD, is seeking post-doctoral fellows to study the epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of human pathogens on a global scale. The position is within the Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies (DIEPS), which has a long history of running computational projects and field studies, developing data-rich models, managing international collaborations and training programs, and translating research findings to policy, particularly in the area of influenza (see MISMS project). In addition to conducting primary research, the candidate(s) will have the opportunity to be an instructor at international training workshops. Successful candidates will work in the historic Stone House on the NIH Bethesda campus and enjoy fruitful interactions with the dynamic community of NIH intramural scientists. The candidate will participate in international research networks that generate data, for example NIAID’s Centers of Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) and the RSV DIVERGE project. DIEPS has broad research interests that include disease modeling and forecasting, anti-microbial resistance, and pathogen evolution at the human-animal interface.
Successful candidate(s) will have a doctoral degree (PhD or equivalent) in computational or evolutionary biology, bioinformatics, or related quantitative fields. Strong quantitative and communications skills are required. The ability to critically evaluate data, publish scientific papers, work in interdisciplinary environments, and present at conferences is essential.
Interested candidates should contact Martha Nelson (nelsonma@mail.nih.gov) or Cécile Viboud (viboudc@mail.nih.gov). Applications should include a cover letter, a CV, a brief statement of research interests, and the names (and contact info) of three references. Salary will be commensurate with experience and NIH guidelines. US and non-US citizens are encouraged to apply.
Developing influenza vaccines for swine in Mexico
/in News, Publication /by Martha NelsonMISMS researchers characterized the high levels of genetic diversity of influenza viruses circulating in swine in Mexico, working closely with veterinarians in Mexico and with funding from a major animal vaccine manufacturer. The study is available online at Emerging Infectious Diseases and will be published in print next month. The study was a collaboration between the NIH, USDA, and University of Minnesota, which performed the genetic sequencing of the viruses. USDA performed antigenic cartography to visualize how the host immune system ‘sees’ virus lineages differently. MISMS staff performed the phylogenetic analysis, which showed that the viral diversity seen in Mexican swine comes primarily from humans (reverse zoonosis) and US exports of live hogs to Mexico. The direction of trade of live hogs between countries is critical in shaping where viruses are found globally.
Special Issue on 1918 Centennial in AJE
/in News /by Martha NelsonIn commemoration of the centennial of the 1918 influenza pandemic, the American Journal of Epidemiology convened a collection of 12 articles on the epidemiology of the pandemic, led by MISMS staff Cecile Viboud and Justin Lessler. The 12 articles consider a growing body of work on the archeo-epidemiology of past pandemics, the socioeconomic and geographic drivers of influenza mortality and natality impact, and renewed interest in immune imprinting mechanisms and the development of novel influenza vaccines. They also highlight persisting mysteries in the origins and severity of the 1918 pandemic and the need to preserve rapidly decaying information that may provide treasure troves for future generations.
MISMS accomplishments highlighted for Fogarty’s 50th birthday
/in News /by Martha NelsonFogarty’s team of infectious disease modelers used the occasion of the Center’s 50th birthday to review its achievements, consider lessons learned, and explore possible future directions in an article published by the journal Epidemics and featured in Global Health Matters. The article highlights the exceptional productivity and ROI of the MISMS program, including a cost-per-article published of less than $8,000.
Cities’ population and transportation patterns affect how flu epidemics play out
/in News /by Martha NelsonMISMS researchers published a study in Science showing that winter flu epidemics in smaller cities tend to have higher flu epidemic intensity than in larger cities highly connected by extensive transportation systems, which have longer, more consistent flu seasons.
The study has important implications for understanding how cities of different sizes should prepare for annual flu epidemics. Smaller cities with more spiked epidemics may need to increase their surge capacity, while larger cities may need to prepare for epidemics that last for many months.